How Culture Affects Identity

How Culture Affects case-by-caseityCulture rear end be defined as the increasing trust of knowledge, fabric objects, sets, holiness, nonions of time, military capabilitys, hierarchies, concepts of the universe, spatial relations, roles, and beliefs and possessions gained by a meeting of peck in the path of generations through numerousbody and group striving (Poyatos, 2002). Culture brush off withal be considerationed as confabulation and the vise versa. This is because finis is a symbol of communication. Some of these symbols include knowledge, a groups skills, attitudes, motives and values. Culture can overly be defined as the sum total of every in all the wise(p) behaviors of a group that atomic number 18 comm lone or so(prenominal) considered to be the tradition of a item group of populate and are conveyed from generation to generation. Identity can be defined as a set of personal or behavioral characteristics by which an individual can be associated with a authentic group. Identity as well as refers to the state of an individual having some specific qualities which divulge him with a particular group of multitude or things. The combination of these deuce nouns (culture and identity) gives rise to cultural identity which refers to the sense of be douringness to a particular group or culture.From a personal view, culture refers to the way (aspects) of a persons manners. These aspects of life include language which is one of the oldest medium of expression in the man institution, arts and sciences which are the forms of kind-hearted expression most refined and advanced and thought which can be defined as the methodologies in which an individual perceives, interprets, and understands the world around him. There is also spirituality which is a value system passed through generations for the purpose of well being in human beings. It is expressed through actions, language and amicable activities which are perceived to be the shar ed pursuit inwardly any particular cultural partnership. any cultures or social organizations demand severe proportions just like tangible dimensions of length, height, width, time and height. The cultural dimensions may vary according to size, permeate the solely or by definition one cannot see a dimension of culture or fellowship just the way we see an individual person however each person manifests each of the five dimensions of culture. Hofstede came up with five dimensions which are rated in 53 countries basing on indices of each dimension. These dimensions are namely power distance (hierarchy), femininity versus masculinity, collectivism versus individualism, uncertainty dodge, and long term versus short term orientation (Hofstede, Pedersen Hofstede, 2002). (PD) Power distance refers to the finish to which less powerful members expects respects and accepts unequal power distri notwithstandingion within a particular culture. harmonize to Hofstede, high PD countries ten d to swan centralized political power and display tall hierarchies in organizations with long differences in salary and social status. Subordinates always perceive the manager as a benevolent dictator and they are thence expected to arrive the rules just as they are stipulated. The small PD countries perceive subordinates and supervisors as closer to being equal and easily interchangeable (Marcus Gould, 2000). They also baffle more than flattened hierarchies in organizations and with less difference in salaries and social status. In these low PD countries, equality is generally desired and expected.As a citizen of United States my rude has a current PDI of 40 in comparison to the worlds range of 55 (Marcus Gould, 2000). I support this low PDI because in my the Statesn culture there is better equality between the societal levels, government institutions, organizations and within families. My American cultural environment is stable and there is cooperative interaction in a ll power levels. I give American culture and identity and its because of this that I can say my culture has sense of equality. For example teachers, students (children) and parents perceive each other as equals but not necessarily identical. The students and teachers relate well. Personally, I relate well with my lecturers and no(prenominal) of us feels like he/she has power over me as his student. In head for the hills places, people hold different position but heedless of this legion(predicate) perceive each other as brothers and it is therefore rough to find some work related humanitarian crises. Individualism in culture refers to free ties. This mans that one is expected to look after himself, his warm family and no one else. Collectivism on the other perish manner that people are incorporated together by birth into cohesive, upstanding groups that act as protection in exchange for unquestionable loyalty.According to Hofspede, individualistic cultures value freedom, personal time and extrinsic motivators like material rewards at work (Marcus Gould, 2000). In these individualistic cultures, individual socio-economic amuses are super valued and strong rights of privacy are maintained. In general it advocates for the ideologies base on self-actualization, self government, self realization and freedom. On the other hand collectivist value skills, training, physical conditions and the intrinsic rewards based on mastery. In relations to family they value harmony, silence, use of shame in the achievement of behavioral goals and the strife to maintain face. The socio- economic interests are highly valued kinda than individuals.According to the American culture which is also my cultural identity, we prefer situations whereby there is self sustenance. For example personally I like attending to my issues in my own way since thats what my parents devour taught me. If I am in need, I believe I should consult my parents, brothers and sisters before goi ng to the external world. I also try to realize my goals using my own version without interference. This propensity is precise common in the American culture. This is well supported by the studies of Hofstede which show that in the year 2009 the United States had an IDV of 91 the highest dimension compared to the other countries (Marcus Gould, 2000). This means that the society has high individualistic attitude and relative loose bond with others. Therefore, the society is more self dependent and is concerned only for themselves and their close family members. Masculinity and femininity refers to the sexual activity roles in a particular culture. Traditionally the masculine roles were based on assertiveness, toughness and competition trance the feminine roles were based on tenderness, orientation to people, home and children. These traditional gender distinctions are almost breaking due to the collapse of feminine roles. The traditional masculine work goals included recognitio n, earnings, challenge and advancement. The traditional feminine work goals included good relations, employment security and good living and working conditions.As an American upholding the American culture, I draw realized many women trends are changing since they are pursuing degrees and diplomas to get into white-color jobs opposed in the early days when females used to stay at home pickings care of children. Many females have taken jobs such as engineering, checkup and teaching jobs which used to belong to men. According to Hofstede, in the year 2009 the MAS for America was 68 meaning the country assures a higher degree of gender differentiation roles (Marcus Gould, 2000). This means that the female population is more assertive and warlike just like men. Uncertainty suspendance dimension deals with the societys tolerance as it pertains to ambiguity and uncertainty. It depicts how members in a society have attempted to sleep together with the anxiety through the minimiza tion of uncertainties. In the cultures of high uncertainty avoidance people always prefer formally demarkinged activities and explicit rules. You go away also find that most of the employees tend to retain their employers (Amanda.com 1). In low uncertainty avoidance cultures, people always prefer implicit rules and more informal activities. once again, employees cannot retain their employers. In my American culture rules are very flexible and it accommodates diverse ideologies. For example there are many religions unlike in other countries like Islamic where only one religion is tolerated.My American culture has few rules and it doesnt do often generation to control all out scrams and results. It also tolerates a variety of esti brace believes and thoughts. The long term versus short term orientation refers to the societys time horizon. It also examines the importance of the future compared to the present and past. In my American culture I believe that I believe that I provide meet my obligations and I also believe the American society will always meet its obligation no matter the hardships and inconveniences we will experience. Also, I appreciate my American tradition which is characterized by a commode of hard work in order to achieve something meaningful in life. Culture and identity positively influences the relationship between me and my parents because we rarely have any conflicts. This is because I know what my parents advocated for since my childhood (family traditions) and this makes it easier for us to interact without much issues arising.Culture and identity has had a negative impact between my family members and me because some cultural aspects are continually changing but they are not adapting to these changes. For example the American culture has shunned the traditional segregation that existed between the inglorious and the white Americans but my parents do not always welcome the idea of the association between these too American ethnic g roups. This means that I am not always allowed to bring visitors from a different ethnicity. Again my culture doesnt allow people to attend church service without formal limitings. This has caused a negative impact on the relationship between me my parents and the church. Due to changing modes of dressing I find the cultural church dressing order not entertaining while at the other hand the church leaders are opposed to the new ways of dressing in the church. Our culture advocates for good mannerisms at school failure to which one is subjected to parental punishment. This has fostered a positive interpersonal relationship between my peer group, teachers and me. This is because I am aware of the rights and the injure and therefore I try to avoid conflicts resulting from disobedience or arrogance towards my peers. My American cultural identity has also helped me in forming positive personal relations with the surrounding people and communities. This is because it advocates for t rade union and I therefore try to be careful when socializing with people so as to avoid conflicts. Consequently, many people in the community find me as their friend who they can count on and therefore good interpersonal relations.Due to my cultural identity I have individually and collectively experienced many challenges in the American society. iodin challenge is that of persistent identities in form of biracial perceptions. This is because many people keep on asking me about my race because my bodily demeanor doesnt suggest it. Ethnocentrism is the other challenge. This is because some of my college friends like the children from the very rich families in the community feel that they have superior ways of life (culture) than us from middle class families. They tend to perceive us as inferior, wrong in all aspects and strange. Another challenge I have face due to my cultural identity is prejudice. This has been caused by the attitude of ethnocentrism. My fellow college mates f rom wealthy backgrounds tend to show intolerant and unfairly biased attitude towards me and other people of my status (middle class). The next challenge is cultural stereotyping. This is because of the overdraw generalizations about a particular group (females). For example in the American culture the females have been stereotyped in terms of their emotions. It is believed that females experience and also express sadness, fear and sympathy. On the other hand men experience and express anger and pride. Another challenge is cultural proximity whereby many cultures are assumed to be similar. For example due to modernization, the subcultures (white and black) in my country have now been integrated almost into one though people come from different places of origin.The other challenge I have face due to my cultural identity is that of misinterpretation of codes. For example due to my dress code most of my colleagues slip me for a Muslim lady because I always have veil on my neck and pu t on a long skirt. There are several occasions whereby my communicative behaviors or cues have been misunderstood like when I use inflections (variation of speech). When I lower the pitch of voice too or make it deeper on certain words. This low pitch implies confidence, certainty, and authority. However my college mates view this as a shorten of ignorance or lack of cooperation in speech. Other times I use upward inflection (raised pitch) in speech to occur uncertainty, surprise and doubt. This however bring about miscommunication when am talking to my college friends who come from other cultures like Muslims who perceive my tone as a sign of coercion and harassment. Some times I repeat my statements as a sign of emphasis but some of my friends perceive that as a speech problem. Often, I get frustrated or angered when my friends mistake these verbal behaviors to be signs of weakness. There are several occasions when my non-verbal behaviors have been misunderstood. For example wh en I use a frequency of glances to indicate attention, interest and involvement most people think that am being exhausted and am using it to protect myself from them or as a sign of fatigue. Some of my friends have also misunderstood me through tactile communication (touch). For example I give a warm hug to all my friends as a sign or greetings when we meet but some friends mistake me for a multiple lover. Others mistrust their companions due to these kinds of greetings. This mistrust is caused by the fact that they interpret it emotionally. Some of my friends misinterpret my use of fig which in my culture means you cant have it. They say that it is immoral or obscene. I feel sad when people misinterpret these non-verbal cues.